社会心理学在生态建设中的应用

The application of social psychology in the ecological construction

生态环境问题在很大程度上是人们的行为不当所致,因此生态问题不仅是经济问题和技术问题,也是社会问题和心理与行为问题。在中国传统文化中蕴涵了丰富的生态思想,与此传统相适应,人们形成了尊重自然、顺应自然的社会心理并由此形成了相应的生产方式和生活方式,但在现代化过程中这些朴素的生态思想和环境伦理心理与行为逐渐削弱了。研究人们的生态心理和行为,不仅有助于理解传统社会心理与行为的表现机制,而且对形成现代生态观念和行为具有重要的意义,为保护生态、合理利用自然资源以及实施生态环境教育提供社会心理基础。从人与生态环境的关系、生活方式、社会责任及生态环境意识等方面论述了社会心理在生态环境建设中的作用和意义,强调在生态环境建设过程中不能忽视社会心理的研究。

Ecological and environmental problems can, to a large extent, be attributed to bad human behavior, so it is a problem not only of economy and technology but also of society, human psychology and behavior. Living in the traditional culture which contains rich ecological thoughts, Chinese people had shaped a social psychology of respecting and conforming to the nature, which correspondingly formed the relevant life style and mode of production. Thus they had ever kept a good relation with the nature for a long time. However, during the process of modernization, these naive ecological thoughts weakened a lot and those good behavior almost disappeared. For this reason, the research on human ecological psychology and behavior not only can help us to understand the influential mechanism of traditional social psychology on the ecoenvironment, but also is of great benefit to the formation of a reasonable modern ecological psychology and behavior. This article discusses how social psychology can influence the ecological construction from four aspects: the relation between human being and ecological environment, life style, social responsibility, ecological and environmental psychology. It was emphasized that the research on social psychology, especially ecological and environmental psycholoy cannot be ignored in the construction of ecoenvironment.