辽东山地混牧林草系统特性及其利用研究

STUDY ON UTILIZATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FOREST-GRASS SYSTEM FOR GRAZING IN LIAONING EASTERN MOUNTAINS

辽东山地林下牧草 90 %以上种类为多年生植物 ,有着比较牢固的生境生态位。生产能力、物种多样性等指标受上层体冠控制 ,并常处于一种动态变化之中。林分郁闭度在 0 5～ 0 8间是牧草产量、质量的最好光照区间。在“牛单位 3 9hm2 ”连续 3年牧压下并未引起林分蓄积增长量减少。混牧后可较大幅度提高直接经济效益产出量。牧畜的采食草量应控制在牧草生产能力的 5 0 %以下。林地坡度

More than 90 percent of pasture species are the perennial plants and have very stable niche in the forest of Liaoning east mountainous area.The productive capacity and species diversity,etc.are controlled by upper canopy and in a dynamic change.The best light range for higher output and quality of pasture is the crown density in 0.5 to 0.8.In the condition of three years continuos grazing of cattle unit per 3.9 hectares,the stand volume increment was not decreased and the direct economic benefits is much higher than that before grazing.The quantity that animal grazing must be controlled less than 50 percent of pasture productive capacity.The forestland over 30-degree gradient must be forbidden to graze.