我国人工林生产力问题的研究Ⅱ.——影响我国人工林生产力的人为因素与社会因素探讨

STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS OF FOREST PLANTATION PRODUCTIVITY OF CHINA Ⅱ.——TO PROBE INTO THE SOCIAL AND OTHER NON-NATURE FACTORS DEBASING THE PLANTATION PRODUCTIVITY

以桉树、杉木、马尾松、落叶松及樟子松等为对象 ,利用样地调查资料 ,结合已有研究成果 ,对造成我国人工林生产力低下的多种社会因素 ,进行了系统的分析研究。结果表明 ,南方集体林区人工林林分生产力仅达国有林的 44 6 % ,由此而造成全国人工林整体生产力水平下降了 2 8% ;据估算 ,我国人工林林分中 ,在立地条件类型层次上真正未做到适地适树而成为低产林的面积 ,占总面积的 10 %左右 ,所造成的人工林整体生产力下降幅度为 5 %左右 ;而树种区域扩张与非高产区大面积造林 ,以及种源混乱、逆向选择等树种层次所造成的非适地适树 ,是影响人工林生产力的重要因素。人工林生产力低下的现实 ,非主要由营林技术所致 ,而是社会经济发展水平的产物与体现 ,是自然、社会因素与经济规律共同作用的结果。

Based on the investigation data from the sample plots of \%Eucalyptus\% spp., \%Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana, Larix\% spp. and \%Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica\% etc, and combining with other results of research projects on plantation, main natural factors and social factors which effect the productivity of Chinese plantation were studied systematically. The results showed: (1) The plantation productivity of the collective owned stand in the south of China was only 44.6% of that of state owned plantation, and whice contributed a 28% reduction in the plantation productivity in whole China. (2) The problem of unmatching species with the site was less serious than that people think of it usually in China, and it contributes only about 5% reduction in the productivity of Chinese forest plantation. (3) The low silviculture techniques were not the key facts that made the low productivity result of Chinese forest plantation. In fact, it was the product and incarnation of the economic development level of China in past decades as a result of interacting between natural factors, social factors and economic law.