我国银杏遗传变异研究之一——种核性状的群体间和群体内变异

STUDY ON ONE OF GENETIC VARIATIONS FOR GINKGO BILOBA IN CHINA THE VARIATION OF BREEDING FRUIT-STONE CHARACTERS AMONG AND WITHIN POPULATION

对我国银杏全分布区 2 0 0多个单株种核的主要性状进行了测定和统计。结果表明 ,不同气候区种核特征有一定的不同 ,但气候区内群体间和群体内个体间的差别更大。表明遗传改良以在遗传变异丰富的群体内开展基因型选择最有前途 ,但考虑到适应性 ,育种还应立足于本气候区群体。

The length,width,shell thinckness and percentage of kernel of \%Ginkgo\% fruit-stone collected from more than 200 mother trees located whole-wide range were measured.The results showed that all of the characters,except for single fruit-stone weight,no significant differences among the climatic zones were observed,but the differences among populations (or locations) within a climatic zone and individuals within population were very significant.The variation coefficients for each of four characters varied from 3.0% for kernel rate to 21.3% for single pit weight.These data indicated that the genetic improvement of \%Ginkgo\% through individual selection within population should be more effective than among populations,and much than among the climatic zones.Because the adaptability is one of the most important traits for inten sive cultivation,the genetic improvement efforts should be within each climatic zone and do not carry out throughout whole range.