摘要
我国天然辐射水平的研究 ,虽然已在天然贯穿辐射、土壤及食品中放射性核素含量方面做了较多的工作 ,但从整体上看尚处于起步阶段。我国有些地区室内外 γ剂量率比值大于 2。某一新发展起来的城市 ,初步调查结果表明 ,居民所受剂量可能大致与阳江高本底地区相同。对于这些问题有必要在进一步研究的基础上 ,及时采取适当的控制措施。对于氡、钍射气及其子体的研究 ,应在完成监测方法标准化和重点调查的基础上 ,制定一个全面计划 ,然后逐步完成全国性调查。我国有些地区和某些类型住房中钍射气浓度较高 ,有必要加强这一问题的研究。我国在地下矿山和空间工作的人员以及从事含放射性物质较高矿物的加工、利用人员所受剂量较高 ,是剂量最高的群体 ,有必要明确和制定相应的控制标准。我国已经制定了一些控制天然辐射的专项标准 ,但没有明确的控制天然辐射的总的原则。有必要在总结已有经验的基础上 ,制定控制天然辐射的原则 ,修定已有标准 。
The research on natural radiation exposure in China is of a preliminary nature as a whole, although some projects in the field of natural penetrating radiation, radioactive contents in soil and foods have been completed. Indoor γ radiation dose rates in some areas are higher, the ratioes of indoor to outdoor are greater than 2. The primary results show that the annual effective dose in a developing city approximately equals to that in the high background radiation areas in Yangjiang. It is necessary to take suitable control measures on the basis of futher reseach results. The comprehensive programme on radon and it daughters research should be established after completing the standardization of the measurement method and investigation as a case study, then the national wide survey will be conducted according the programme. The indoor thoron concentration in some areas and some kind of houses is higher, the study in this field should be strengthened. The workers in underground mines and space, mineral processing industry receive higher doses, their collective doses are the highest. It is necessary to set appropriate control standard. Some special standards for control of natural radiation have been established, but there are no general principles. The principles of natural radiation control should be established, present standards revised, new standards should be developed on the basis of our experience. (
出处
《辐射防护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第5期257-268,共12页
Radiation Protection
