组织工程技术修复同种异体兔关节软骨缺损实验研究

The Experimental Study of Repair of the Articular Cartilage Defects in Allogenic Rabbits by Applying Tissue Engineering Technology

目的 :探讨关节软骨缺损治疗的新途径。方法 :把几丁糖作为软骨细胞培养的支架 ,将几丁糖与软骨细胞一起体外培养 ,然后移植修复同种异体兔的膝关节软骨缺损 ,并对关节软骨的修复过程进行术后 16周大体、组织学、电镜观察及修复组织厚度测定。结果 :几丁糖无纺网在术后 2周开始降解吸收 ,术后 10～ 12周完全吸收 ;术后第 16周在实验侧关节软骨缺损处可见成熟的透明软骨 ,软骨缺损得到完全修复。结论 :几丁糖的生物学特性符合组织工程中对细胞培养支架的要求 ;几丁糖负载软骨细胞移植修复同种异体兔膝关节软骨缺损 ,兔膝关节全层软骨缺损得到成功修复 ,为临床上关节软骨缺损的治疗提供了可能的途径。

Objective:To seek for a new way to cure articular cartilage defects.Methods:Chitosan was used as a vehicle of chondrocytes and cultured in vitro,then the compounds were transplanted to repair the cartilage defects in the knee joint of allogenic rabbits,and the process of the cartilage defects being repaired had been observed for 16 weeks postoperation,macroscoping,histologically, by the use of electron microscope and measuring the thickness of repair tissue.Results:The chitosan nonwovenmesh began being absorbed at the second week,had been absorbed completely at the tenth to twelfth week;the matured hyaline cartilage was found in the grafted ones and the cartilage defects was completely repaired at the sixteenth week.Conclusion: The biological property of the chitosan fits for the demands of being a vehicle in tissue engineering;chitosan loaded with chondrocytes was implanted to repair the cartilage defects in the knee joint of the allogenic rabbits,the cartilage defects of full thickness were repaired successfully,so a probable treatment was found to cure articular cartilage defects in clinic.