1928--1930年旱灾后关中地区种植结构之变迁

THE TRANSITION OF PLANTING STRUCTURE IN GUANZHONG AREA AFTER THE DROUGHT BETWEEN 1928-1930

1928——1930年大旱灾后，关中农民基于各种原因，选择了罂粟作为其种植作物，致使在１９３０年代初期关中地区的鸦片种植达到顶峰。此后，中央政府开始有效地介入地方经济生活。一方面政府推行严厉的禁烟措施，另一方面考虑到烟农的生计，政府又大力推广优质棉花的种植，使关中地区在短期内成为全国的重要棉 区，棉花也成为关中 最重要的农作物。在抗战爆发后，由于特殊的原因，政府 有意识将棉花的发展势头减缓，同时造成小麦的比重逐步增大，逐渐形成棉花与小 麦并重的局面。关中地区种植结构的变迁是国家利益与小农利益的平衡和协调以及 国家理性与小农理性的有机结合的一个成功范例。

After the drought between 1928-1930,the farmers of Guanzhong area had chosen opium as their main crop in order to rebuild their agricultural properties,but it was strictly forbidden by the government. As the substitute of opium,cotton of high quality sponsored by the government was brought into Guanzhong area ,and it became the main crop of the area quickly.During the China*s Resistance War again Japan,the government had cut the funds on the cotton planting,then as a result,a balance between cotton and wheat appeared.The transition of planting structure of Guanzhong area showed the balance and cooperation between the state benefit and smallholder logos.