峨眉山冷杉森林群落研究

Study on the communities of Abies fabri forest in Mt.Emei

依据 5 1个 40 0 m2乔木层和 1 0 2个 1 6m2灌木层、草本层与地被层样方调查资料 ,分析了峨嵋山冷杉森林的林型、环境、植物地理成分、群落结构和乔、灌层植被数量特征。结果表明 :当地冷杉森林分布区内生境多样 ;植物区系复杂 ,有一定的热性地理成分入侵和残遗性 ;各层次水平盖度具有精巧的消长关系 ,垂直结构在亚层水平上的发育与海拔和“混交”程度有关 ;冷杉在乔木层占绝对优势 ,但由于其种群衰退 ,冷杉所构成的森林有退化演替的趋势 ;灌木层的优势植物以竹类为主 ,亚优势种的变化多样。生物地史、生境和植物区系的种种特点 ,共同决定了当地冷杉林型的多样性及其某些少见的种群组合式样。

This paper deals with the forest types of Abies fabri and their environment,geographic elements of flora,structure of community and quantitative characters of tree and shrub layers according to 51 qudrants (each 400 m 2) of the tree layer and 102 quadrants( each 16 m 2)of the shrub(herb and moss)layer. The results show that the habitats are various ,the flora is complex with some tropical and relic features in the area of the forests. There is accurate up-down relationship of the coverage in each layer. The development in the sublayers of the forest types is relation to elevation and 'mixed' degree .The population of Abies fabri is absolute dominant in the tree layer , but as the population declines, the tendency of deterioration succession shows in the forest.The bamboo is major in the shrub layer with various subdominant species. All of the features in history of bio-geology,habitat and flora decide diversity of the forest types and their rare combination of population.