沉积盆地中的流体

FLUIDS IN THE SEDIMENTARY BASIN

沉积盆地中的流体是整个地流体的一部分 ,是指通过和占据盆地岩石孔隙空间的所有流体。盆地流体起着传输能量和搬运物质的作用 ,也是盆地中最活跃的一种地质营力 ,直接影响和控制着沉积盆地的构造、沉积、成岩和成矿等作用。油气运移主要是沉积盆地内的含烃流体活动 ,它是盆地流体与盆地岩石在温度、压力场下的相互作用的必然结果。幕式流动是油气运移的最大特征 ,与盆地的幕式构造活动相辅相成互为因果。研究盆地流体可以为研究地壳深部地流体提供一个窗口。地壳深部的变质流体可能也是呈幕式活动并产生幕式的构造运动。在盆地外深部流体的作用下有必要对油气的无机成因、热降解机理、深盆热水运移。

Fluid in sedimentary basin is a part of geofluid.Basinfluids are all of the fluids which pass through and occupy the pore space of the basin rocks.Transmittal energy and transfer material are the main actions of basinfluid which is one of the most active geological agent within the basin.Fluids can affect and control directly the actions of tectonism,sedimentation,lithogenesis,ore formation in the sedimentary basins.Hydrocarbons migration mainly belongs to hydrocarbon bearing fluid activity occurred in the sedimentary basins,which is the result of interactions of the basinfluids and basinrocks under the fields of temperature and pressure.Episodic flow is the most characteristics of hydrocarbons migration and complement each other and inter determined with the episodic movement of sedimentary basin structures.Research results of basinfluid can be used for reference in understanding the fluid activity of the deep crust.The metamorphic fluid activity in the deep parts of crust can be in episodic manner and produce episodic tectonic movements.Taking the action of out basin deepfluid activity into account,it is necessary to re evaluate the problems of inorganic origin,thermal degradation about hydrocarbons generation,hot water migration of hydrocarbons in the deep parts of basin and synthesis exploration.