短频时间变换与地震信号分析

Short-frequency time transform and seismic signal analysis

野外采集的地震信号是多种波的复合体，是一种时变的非平稳信号。联合时频分析的方法是研究这类信号的有力工具。本文首先分析了短时Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换和短频时间变换这两种时频分析方法，通过理论记录说明时频分析方法可以细致地刻画信号的时间特性；然后将短频时间变换方法应用于地震信号的分析与处理中。文中展示的实际数据分析结果表明了时频分析方法在地震勘探信号分析与处理中的应用意义，即利用短频时间变换这一有效的分析工具，可使我们对数据的时频结构和能量分布有清晰的认识，为进一步选择合理的数据处理方案提供依据。

The seismic signal acquired in the field is a complex of different waves and a time variant non stationary signal. Joint time frequency analysis method is a powerful tool for study of this kind of signal. The paper first analyzed these two time frequency analysis methods — short time Fourier transform and short frequency time transform, and illustrated that time frequency analysis method can be used to depict temporal properties of signal in detail by theoretical re cords; then applied the short frequency time transform method to analysis and p rocessing of seismic signal. The analysis results of real data showed in the pap er indicated the application meaning of time frequency analysis method in seism ic signal analysis and processing: using short frequency time transform — a go od analysis tool can make us a clear knowledge of time frequency structure of d ata and energy distribution, thus providing a basis for further selecting a reas onable data processing plan.