兔硬脑膜动静脉瘘模型的血管造影

Angiographic study of simulated dural arteriovenous fistula in rabbits

目的 研究硬脑膜动静脉瘘(Dural arteriovenous fistula, DAVF)模型，探讨其血管影像变化。方法 将60只中国本兔分为假手术组(A组)、 单纯结扎组（B 组）、颈外静脉-颈总动脉吻合组（C组）和颈内静脉-颈总动脉吻合组（D组），制作DAVF模型，并对其行血管造影。结果 C组、D组分别有4只和1只动物出现阳性体征，其静脉压力与直径均显著增加；血管造影证实存在DAVF，循环时间延长，尤其是静脉期明显延长。结论 通过手术将颈动静脉直接吻合，可以引起显著的静脉系高压，并诱发DAVF，其影像特点为循环时间延长，尤其是静脉期明显延长，提示静脉窦及整个头面部静脉系统压力明显增高，血液回流受阻。

Objective To study the angiographic features of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in rabbits. Method Sixty Chinese rabbits were divided into 4 groups to receive different operative procedures. Sham-operated group (Group A) and ligation group (Group B) were constituted by 10 rabbits each, with their bilateral internal and external jugular veins (IJV and EJV) exposed or ligated. Twenty rabbits with anastomosis of the EJV and common carotid artery (CCA) and another 20 with anastomosis of the IJV and CCA to induce DAVF were assigned to group C and D respectively. Three months following the operations, cerebral angiography was performed in the rabbits and the imaging features studied. Results Signs of DAVF was observed in 4 rabbits in group C and 1 in group D after the operation, whose EJV pressure and diameter were significantly elevated. DAVFs were confirmed by angiography, and the circulating time of the imaging agent extended, especially the venous period. Conclusion Venous hypertension, along with DAVF, can be induced by direct anastomosis of the carotid vein and artery in rabbits. The imaging features suggest that the pressure of the sinus and venous system in the head is greatly elevated ,which makes venous blood return be obstructed.