治疗性抗体的基础研究

Basic studies of monoclonal antibodies for therapy

抗体的靶向性提供了一个改进治疗制剂选择性的方法 .由于大部分抗原均可诱生抗体 ,因此抗体应用的潜力是巨大的 .临床上正用于治疗肿瘤 ,病毒感染 ,自身免疫病 ,中毒性休克 ,再狭窄 ,Rh溶血症和抗移植排斥等 .但单克隆抗体的临床应用受一定限制 ,主要障碍是诱导产生人抗鼠抗体(HAMA反应 ) ,肿瘤参入量低 ,亲和力低和半衰期短等 .然而 ,利用分子生物学技术能克服这些障碍 。

The targeting property of the antibodies offers an approach to improve the selectivity of therapeutic agents. Since specific antibodies can be generated to most target antigens, the clinical potential for antibody applications is enormous, and clinical trials in conditions such as cancer, transplant rejection, viral infection, autoimmunity, toxic shock, restenosis and rhesus hemolytic disease are under way. Therapeutic success has so far been limited. Obstacles to successful monoclonal antibody therapy are as follows: induction of human anti mouse antibody responses; poor tumour penetration; lower affinity and short half life. However, genetic manipulation can be used to overcome these obstacles and this should lead to better clinical results.