慢性肾功能不全患者肾活检的护理观察及对策

Nursing Observation and Management for Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Renal Biopsy

目的 观察分析慢性肾功能不全 (CRF)患者经皮肾活检的并发症 ,提出有效的护理措施。方法 2 94例患者连续 3个月血清肌酐值 (Scr) >178μmol/L(2mg/dl) ,诊断为CRF ,并在B超引导下行经皮肾穿刺活检术 ,就其并发症进行观察分析。结果 肾活检并发症发生率为 2 7.5 % ,其中肉眼血尿 2 .38% ,肾周血肿需输血处理 1.70 %。结论 对CRF患者 ,除采取传统肾活检常规护理 ,更应重视肾活检 2 4h后的观察 ,及早发现并发症 ,并及时处理。加强术前术后的心理护理 ,消除患者恐惧心理 ,在一定程度上可减少并发症和不良反应的发生。

Objective To determine the efficient nursing measurement of renal biopsy in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), the complications were observed and analyzed. Methods\ 294 patients with CRF ( Scr>178μmol/L or 2mg/dl) were performed renal biopsy inducing by B ultrasound, whose complications were observed and analyzed. Results\ The complications of renal biopsy in patients with CRF were 27.5%. Among them, 2.38% of patients were gross hematuria, and 1.7% was severe hematoma, which was needed transfusion. Conclusion\ It is very important to emphasize the nursing observation in 24 hours post renal biopsy for patients with CRF. In addition, to dissolve the patient's dreadful feelings may decrease the rate of biopsy complications.