磷酸活化活性炭纤维的生产工艺及应用研究

STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTION CONDITIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF THE ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS WITH PHOSPORIC ACID ACTIVATION

对磷酸活化生产活性炭纤维的工艺、产品结构、以及产品在贵金属的吸附回收和油品脱硫净化方面的应用进行了研究 ,结果表明随着磷酸浓度升高 ,产品比表面积显著提高 ,收率略有提高 ,但磷酸浓度超过 35 %后 ,产品的强度会明显下降。扩大生产中 ,炭化活化温度～ 40 0℃最佳。产品微孔丰富 ,微孔孔径为 0 .5 5nm～ 0 .6 6nm。所生产的纤维用于从电镀废液中回收银和钯取得较好效果。

The production conditions and structures of the activated carbon fibers activated with phosphoric acid, and their applications for recovery of precious metals and removal of sulfur containing compounds from petroleum were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the surface area of products greatly increases while their yield slightly increases with rising the concentration of impregnating phosphoric acid. However, the strength of fibers will obviously decrease if the concentration of phosphoric acid used is over 35?%. In industrial scale production, the optimum activation temperature is 400?℃. The general produced fibers have abundant micro pores with pore diameter of 0.55?nm ～0.66?nm. The products present high adsorption capacity and recovery efficiency when they were applied to the recovery of silver and palladium from waste plating bath solution. For the products further treated with dilute alkali and impregnated with cobalt compounds, their adsorption capacity for mercaptan from petroleum is as high as that of commercial PAN activated carbon fiber activated with steam after same treatment.