股骨颈骨折固定方法的生物力学研究

The biomechanical study of the fixation for femoral neck fractures

目的 探讨符合生物力学原理的股骨颈骨折的固定方法。方法 比较四种股骨颈骨折的固定方法 ,用完整的生物力学实验测定各种固定方法在不同载荷下的头下沉位移和偏轴位移。结果 显示自行设计的低角度进针外固定支架在应力下的张开位移、头下沉位移和旋转角度均较小。结论 外固定支架为一种简单、有效、实用的固定方法 ,有一定的推广应用价值 ;固定穿针方向应沿压力骨小梁方向尽量贴紧股骨距低角度钻入才符合生物力学原理。

ObjectiveTo compare the different methods for the fixation of femoral neck fractures and determine the best one according to the biomechanical principal.MethodsFour different methods were compared by biomechanic al experiment to observe the subside, open and rotation migration.ResultsThe external fixator, which was devised by ourselves, h ad the minimal open, subside and rotation migration.ConclusionThe external fixator was a good, economical, effecti ve and simple method in the treatment of femoral neck fracture, which is valuabl e to disseminated. The placement of the pins should be in accordance with the co mpressive trabeculae and clingy to the femoral calcar so as to fit to the princi ple of biomechanics