北京城区居民1982年～1997年癌症发病趋势

The Trend of Cancer Incidence in Urban Beijing from 1982 to 1997

[目的]分析北京市居民癌症流行趋势 ,为肿瘤预防与控制提供科学依据。[方法]利用北京市肿瘤登记组1982年～1997年收集积累的癌症新发病例资料 ,按ICD 9三位数字进行编码。以3年合并资料进行统计分析。用世界标准人口计算标化发病率。对不同时期资料进行比较。[结果]北京市城区恶性肿瘤发病率呈逐年升高的趋势 ,男性标化发病率从162.8/10万上升到176.7/10万 ,女性从130.0/10万上升到140.9/10万 ,15年间上升8.5%。1985年～1997年不同部位肿瘤中 ,男、女性以肺癌居首位(占22.8%) ,其次是胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌 ,各种消化道肿瘤占41.4%。女性中乳腺癌为最多发肿瘤(占18.9%)。15年间肺癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌呈上升趋势。女性乳腺癌、卵巢癌迅速升高。而胃癌、食管癌呈下降趋势 ,宫颈癌大幅度下降。[结论]北京市近15年癌症发病呈上升趋势 ,提示与经济发展、居民平均寿命延长、人口老龄化密切相关。同时生活方式、饮食结构和生态环境的变化起着重要作用。

PurposeTo explore the trend of cancer incidence and to indicate the potential impact of preventive practices.The population-based cancer incidence data coded with 3-digit rubrics of ICD-9 during 1982～1997 from Beijing cancer registry were adopted.The data were divided into three time-periods (1982～1984,1988～1991 and 1995～1997).The age was adjusted to the world standard population.The age-adjusted incidence rates for all cancers in male population increased form 162.8 per 100 thousand in 1982～1984 to 173.9 in 1995～1997 and from 130.0 to 140.9 in famle population. The most common site of cancer was lung ,then stomach,liver,esophagus and colon-rectum in descending order.Lung cancer accounted for 22.8% and digestive cancer accounted for 41.4% of all cancers.Breast cancer accounted for 18.9% of female cancers.In the last fifteen years,the age-adjusted incidence rates for lung,colo-rectal and pancreas cancers in_ creased steadily,and those for breast and ovary cancer rose rapidly.The incidence rate for stomach and esophageal cancer decreased gradually and that for cervical cancer dropped rapidly.[Conclusion]Cancer incidence increases smoothly over the fifteen-year period in Beijing.The most possible influence factors were economic development,aging,changs of lifestyle and food pattern,and the changes of ecological environment.