膈下间隙的冠状断层解剖学研究

SECTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE SUBPHRENIC SPACES ON THE CORONAL PLANE

目的 为膈下间隙病变的断层影像学诊断和外科治疗提供实用的形态学依据。 方法 在 30例成人尸体上腹部连续冠状断层标本和 2例尸体腹部磁共振冠状图像上 ,研究了膈下间隙的冠状断层解剖。 结果在冠状断层上 ,膈下间隙分为肝周间隙和脾周间隙 ;胃胰襞左部前缘和小网膜左部 (肝胃韧带 )后层之间的间隙构成网膜囊上、下隐窝间的唯一直接交通 ,其交通形式在冠状面上可分为 3型。胃膈韧带右层与小网膜的后层相续 ,左层与膈脾韧带右层及胃脾韧带后层相续 ,向下左、右层靠拢而续为胃胰襞左部。胃裸区居胃膈韧带的左、右层之间 ,其存在率为 10 0 %。脾裸区居膈脾韧带、胃脾韧带、脾肾韧带和脾结肠韧带之间 ,在脾肾韧带处最宽 ,脾裸区可分为脾门部和脾肾部 ,其最大值分别为 :2 6 4± 1 16cm ,4 16± 2 2 4cm。 结论 冠状断层是显示胃胰襞左部及网膜囊上、下隐窝间通连关系的优势断层。网膜囊上、下隐窝相通的约占观察总例数的 73 3%

Objective The purpose of this study was to provide practical anatomic data for the imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment of the disease of the subphrenic spaces. Methods Sectional anatomy of the subphrenic spaces on the coronal plane were investigated on 30 sets of serial coronal sections of superior abdomen of Chinese adult cadavers and MR imaging of 2 abdomen of cadavers. Results Subphrenic spaces were divided into perihepatic spaces and perisplenic spaces on the coronal plane.The space between the anterior margin of left gastropancreatic fold and the posterior layer of hepatogastric ligament is the only direct communication between the superior and inferior recesses of the lesser sac.Its communicating type is divided into three types on the coronal plane.The right layer of the gastrophrenic ligament is continuous with the posterior layer of the lesser omentum,the left layer of the gastrophrenic ligament is continuous with the right layer of the phrenicosplenic ligament and the posterior layer of the gastrosplenic ligament.Left gastropancreatic fold is continued to the left and right layers of gastrophrenic ligament upward.The bare area of stomach is located between the left and right layers of gastrophrenic ligament,its existing rate is 100%.The bare area of spleen is located among phrenicosplenic ligament,gastrosplenic ligament,splenorenal ligament and splenocoloic ligament.Its the most width exists at the splenorenal ligament.It is divided into the part of the splenic hilus and the splenorenal part.Its maximum is 2 64±1 16 cm,4 16±2 24 cm respectively. Conclusion The coronal plane is dominant for showing left gastropancreatic fold and the communication relationship between superior and inferior recesses of the lesser sac.The superior and inferior recesses of the lesser sac that may communicate with each other is 73 3 percent of all the cases studied