三维GIS的基本问题探讨

A Discussion on Basic Problems of 3D GIS

回顾与评述了三维 GIS的相关发展情况 ,探讨了三维 GIS的有关基本问题 ,如数据获取、大数据量存贮与处理、三维空间分析 ,同时指出科学计算可视化、数据库系统管理、数字影象处理等技术的成熟和二维 GIS长期发展提供的理论实践经验等为三维 GIS的发展提供了良好的基础 .最后为三维 GIS实际系统的开发提出了几个值得注意的要点 .

This paper reviews 3D GIS's characters and related software development, discusses its some basic problems such as data acquisition, 3D data storage and handling, 3D spatial analysis, etc. and points out that on one hand currently 3D GIS's development is restricted by inefficient 3D data model and data structure, difficulties of 3D data acquisition, large amount 3D data procession and storage, and 3D spatial analysis, on the other hand, 3D GIS can be facilitated by mature Visualization of Scientific Computation, Database, Digital Image Procession technique and 2D GIS's theories and experience. At last, four important points about 3D GIS software development are presented in this paper:① At present 2D data model and structure is still one basis of GIS software, and 3D data structure is only one secondary part; ② Boundary Representation must be used as one primary method in 3D modeling, Raster structure and integrated or hybrid Vectorraster structure can only be auxiliary method; ③ Some special data structure and spatial algorithm need to be researched to support efficient 3D spatial analysis; ④ 3D city modeling is becoming one more and more important aspect of 3D GIS research and development.