苏北古黄河三角洲的演变

DEVELOPMENT AND DECLINE OF ANCIENT HUANGHE RIVER ESTUARY DELTA IN NORTHERN JIANGSU

本文根据实地调查资料和有关文献,分别对古黄河三角洲在江苏滨海平原的地貌变化、变化速率及沉积特征等进行了论述。黄河三角洲发育可分为:全新世古黄河河口三角洲、最大海侵山前河口扇三角洲、喇叭口填充河口三角洲、分流入海串珠状河口三角洲、全流入海鸟嘴状河口三角洲、三角洲蚀退6个阶段。 从苏北古黄河三角洲发育特征可得出以下结论:1.在河流入海河口三角洲发育的漫长历史中,随河流本身来水来沙和人工作用,及海平面变化的影响,其发育具有明显的阶段性;2.河流入海河口三角洲发育的阶段性,随泥沙沉积形成了不同的河口三角洲模式;3.河流入海河口沉积的不同模式,在同一条河流中可以转换模式。

According our field investigation and relevant documents, the paper studies the shift of ancient Huanghe River estuary delta, character of sediment, and the change rate in the Jiangsu northern plain. The shifting of the ancient Huanghe River estuary delta can be divided into the following stages:1. The early Holocene stage. A delta of 30 m depth was formed; 2. The fan-shaped estuary delta; 3. The loudspeaker formed delta; 4. The delta in stringed pear shape; 5. The bird bill estuary delta; 6. The eroded estuary delta.The growth and decline of ancient Huanghe River estuary delta showed that its development was in several stages owing to the change of flow rate, silt content, and the activity of men.