小麦和青稞幼穗脱分化期间过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶组成的变化

Changes of Isozyme Composition in Young Inflorescence Explants of Wheat and Highland Barley during Dedifferentiation

离体培养前的小麦和青稞的幼穗均含有极少量的过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶。离体培养8h后,外植体中部分同工酶被一些新合成的同工酶替代,同工酶的数量显著增加。随着外植体的发育,新的同工酶分子不断出现。在愈伤组织形成的后期,部分同工酶逐渐消失,同工酶的数量也明显下降,过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶的变化在小麦和青稞之间无显著的差别,在小麦或青稞中,过氧化物酶同工酶的变化也同酶酶同工酶的变化基本相同。文章讨论了这两种酶的变化与脱分化过程的关系及其与其它非禾各类植物中的酶的差异。

Before being cultured, the young inflorescence explants of both wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) and highland barley (Hordeum vulgare var.nudum Hook. f.) showed very few peroxidase and easterase isozymes.After the explant was cultured for 8 hours, the old isozymes they containedhad been partly replaced by the new-synthesized ones and the quantityof the isozymes increased obviously. With the development of the explants,some new isozymes were continuously synthesized. In the later stage ofcallus formation, some of the isozyme molecules gradually disappeared,and its quantity is reduced considerably. The changes of the two enzymesin wheat showed little difference from those in highland barley, and thechange of the peroxidase isozyme is almost the same as that of theeasterase isozyme in the explants of wheat or highland barley. Problemsabout the relationship between the modification of the two enzymes aboveand cell dedifferentiation, and the differences between cereal crops andother plants in isozyme composition during dedifferentiation, are discussed.