中国人死亡态度之研究——死亡的政治化特征

On Attitude to Death of Chinese People——Political Character of Death

政治是一种基于权力分配基础之上的社会制度和权力的运作系统。中国数千年的历史展现给人们最强烈的印象往往是皇朝的更迭、权力的争夺、帝王将相的沉浮、国家的分合、权术的运用等等政治的现象。中国文化是一个政治性极强的文化 ,政治在人们生活中占据中心的位置 ,故而必不可免地影响到中华民族的死亡态度 ,从而形成死亡政治化的特征 ,其最主要的表现之一在于 ,中国从古至今绵延不绝的有关死亡价值论的说教。中国传统的政治化的死亡态度在现代中国仍有相当大的影响 ,它在社会上泛化的结果是 :缺乏生命神圣的观念 ;政治化的死亡态度弥漫社会各领域 。

Politics is the social iustitution based on allocation of powers and its operational system. In several thousands of years Chinese history is full of striking political affairs, such as change of dynasties, contention for power, down and up of emperors and bureaucrats, division and unification of nation, play politics etc. Chinese culture is of strong political character, potitics is the central issue of people's living. Its influence on the attitude to death of Chinese people is inevitable and political featrue of death is formed. One of the most important expressions of it is that the preach-like inference about the value of death has been Continuing from ancient time till now without end in China. Even in our time the traditional attitude to death of political character still has great influence in China. The result of its wide spread in society is the lack of sense of `life is sacred' and complicate questions about death being oversimplified and weakened.