美国芦荟离体培养中玻璃苗的复壮及快速繁殖的研究

A Study on the Rejuvenation and Rapid Propagation of the Vitrified Plantlets of Aloe vera L. in Vitro

报道了美国芦荟在离体培养中的玻璃化现象及其原因 ,并推荐了能控制美国芦荟组培苗玻璃化和使之复壮并在继代培养中快速增殖的最佳配方 .实验结果表明 :细胞分裂素的质量浓度和基本培养基成分对离体培养中的美国芦荟组培苗的玻璃化现象有显著影响 .复壮培养基以MS改 3+ 2～ 3mg·L- 16 -BA + 0 .1mg·L- 1NAA +w =2 .5 %～ 3.0 %蔗糖 +w =0 .75 %～0 .80 %卡拉胶的效果最佳 ,其复壮率达 80 %～ 95 % .继代转接时间以接种后 30d最适宜 ;玻璃苗复壮后 ,其生根培养基以MS改 3+ 1.0～ 2 .0mg·L- 1NAA +w =0 .0 5 %～ 0 .10 %活性炭 +w =2 .5 %～ 3.0 %蔗糖 +w =0 .75 %～ 0 .80 %卡拉胶的效果最好 ,其生根率可达 10 0 % ,且根系发达粗壮 .此外还报道了移栽技术 :美国芦荟的玻璃苗经复壮处理后会对环境 ,尤其对土壤有很强的适应性 ,可分别移栽到纯河砂、红壤土以及混合土 (m纯河砂∶m红壤土 =1∶1)的基质中 ,无需精细管理即可成活 ,各处理在移栽 1个月后的成活率均可达到 10 0 %

This paper deals with the vitrification of plantlets of Aloe vera L.in vitro and with its reasons,and recommends the optimum prescriptions for controlling the vitrification of plantlets of Aloe vera L.in vitro,rejuvenating and proliferating rapidly in subculture.The experimental results show that the mass concentration of cytokinin and the composition of the basic media have significant effects on the vitrification of plantlets of Aloe vera L. in vitro.The medium,MS improved-3 +2～3 mg·L -1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L -1 NAA+2.5%～3.0% sucrose+0.75%～0.80% agar,is the optimum medium for rejuvenation,and the rejuvenating percentages may amount to 80%～95%.The 30th day after inoculation is the optimum time for transfer.The medium,MS improved-3 +1.0～2.0 mg·L -1 NAA+0.05%～0.10% active carbon+ 2.5 %～3.0% sucrose+0.75～0.80% agar,is the optimum rooting medium for rejuvenated vitrified plantlets.The rooting percentage may amount to 100%,and the rootages were well developed and sturdy.The paper also deals with the transplanting technique of rejuvenated vitrified plantlets.The rejuvenated plantlets have strong adaptability to the environment,especially to soil,and they can be transplanted on the river sand,on red soil or on the medium material with a prescription of ' m river sand : m red soil =1∶1'.One month after transplantation,the survival percentages amouts to 100% in various treatments.