孔子以孝释仁析

An analysis of confucius′ interpretation of goodness via filial piety

孔子论孝 ,既保留了孝的事养义和祭礼义 ,又创造性地把孝规定为亲子之爱。在此基础上 ,他把孝看作仁的本义、本始和原型 ,对仁作了多层面的解说。孔子以孝释仁的真实意图 ,是想溯回礼制社会上下尊卑秩序的价值根据和心理本原。孔子以孝释仁对整个仁学乃至儒学的意义 ,在于它集中展示了个体人格成仁化的路向和要旨 ,即注重向内用力 ,注重道德实践 。

Confucius′ theory of filial piety not only retains the necessity of children′s duty to support their parents and their spirit of sacrifice, but also creatively defines filial piety as a kind of love between parents and children. In the light of this doctrine, he regards filial piety as the literal sense, origin and stereotype of true virtues, expounding goodness in various respects. The true intention of his discussion is to recall values and rules of the society of propriety with arbitrary hierarchy. The significance of this study to the whole theory of goodness and even Confucianism consists in the fact that it concentratedly reveals the direction and purport of humanizing qualities of individuals: putting emphasis on internal efforts, moral practice and the generation of social ethics of man.