油料中功能性成分的研究开发与油脂工程技术的发展

Advances in Studying Functional Components of Oil-Bearing Materials and Developments of Related Technology

植物油料是植物油脂与植物蛋白的主要来源。油脂中所含的某些脂肪酸及某种结构的甘油酯具有特殊的生理功能 ,近几年来 ,这方面的研究开发取得了重要进展。国内外的油脂工业主要是利用油料生产各种食用油脂 ,其次是获取植物蛋白制品。实际上 ,在油脂精炼及植物蛋白制取过程中产生的许多所谓“废料” ,长期以来未得到充分利用。近些年发现 ,在“废料”中很多伴随油脂的类脂物及伴随植物蛋白的植物化学品 ,具有独特的生理效能 ,因而这些高附加值的功能性成分的开发利用受到高度重视。由于油料中的功能性成分的特殊性 ,现有的油料加工工艺与装备不能适应其分离提取的要求 ,由此推动着油脂工程技术的发展和生物技术在功能性结构脂开发上的应用。

Oil\|bearing materials are the main source of vegetable oils and proteins.Some fatty acids and certain structured lipids have particular biological functionality.Important progress has been made in this respect in recent years.Certain amount of socalled wastes are produced simultaneously along with the vegatable oils and proteins production,which have not been utilized perfectly for a long time.Actually,many value\|added products can be isolated from the “wastes”,such as lecithin,tocopherols,tocotrienols,plant sterols and stanols,isoflavones,saponins,phytic acids,trypsin,oligsaccharides,phenolic acids, etc.Then are considered to be functional components.Due to the particularity of the functional components,current technology and equipments of oil industry are not totally adaptable to the requirement of their isolation.Thus,the innovations of fats and oils technology as well as the utilization of biotechnology in making structured lipids are of great significance. [