三维竞争战略模型

Three-Dimension Model of Competition Strategy

哈佛商学院迈克尔·波特教授在２０世纪８０年代提出了三个颇具影响力的竞争战略，即低成本战略、差异化战略和集中战略，但存在一些缺陷。通过“产品差异／成本／价格”建立三维竞争战略模型，可以弥补其不足。该模型得出的结论为：竞争战略的典型模式有三种：低价格战略，即“无差异／低成本／低价格”；低成本战略，即“一般差异产品／低成本冲等价格”；差异战略，即“高差异冲等成本／高价格”。除此之外，还存在战略转换、“夹在中间”、“战略禁区”、倾销行为模式。

Professor Michael E. Porter put forward three competition strategies in 1980s: Overall Cost Leadership Strategy, Differentiation Strategy and Focus Strategy. Those strategies have some defects. But a three - dimension model of competition strategy through' product differentiation - cost - price' mechanism can cover the disadvantages. It can be concluded from the model that typical models of competition strategy are as follows: low - price strategy, that is' undifferentiated product - low cost - low price'; low - cost strategy, that is' moderately differentiated product - low cost - moderate price'; differentiation strategy, that is' highly differentiated product - moderate cost - high price'. In addition, there are still other models such as strategic transformation, the' stuck in between', the' strategic taboos' and dumping behavior.