评吉尔伯特和古芭的“女权美学”──美国著名女权主义批评家巡礼之三

Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar: A Critical Review of Their Theory of "Feminist Poetics

桑德拉·吉尔伯特和苏珊·古芭是当代美国女权主义文学批评的创始人之一。两人长期合作，撰写了《阁搂上的疯女人》、《诺顿妇女文学选集》、《没有男人的地带》等女权主义批评论著，其中《阁楼上的疯女人》当之无愧地成为当代美国文论中的经典。两位批评家试图从新的视角去理解１９、２０世纪独特的妇女义学传统及其共性，批判菲勒斯中心的父权制和男性文学传统，挖掘妇女的文学创造力，恢复长期以来经常被人忽视了的妇女文学史，修正文学史思想中一些最基本的术语，从而建构一种新的女权主义文学典律，并在伊莱恩·肖尔沃特“女性美学” 的基础上大力倡导“女权美学”批评。

Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar are one of the most important founders of contemporary American feminist literary criticism. They have collaborated upon several works that contributed to the growing body of women-centered criticism published since the 1970s, the aim of which is to construct a tradition of women' s witing, to recover a long and often neglected literary history of women' s writing, to create a CANON of women writers, to revise the most basic terms of people' s literary historical thinking, and to establish a feminist canon for the next generation. The Madwoman in the Attic is a landmark study of women writers in the 19th century, which was the first attempt to write a literary history of women's writing, and it is prefaced by Gilbert and Gubar' s theory of feminist poetics.