啤酒大麦穗的离体培养及氮素对穗粒数的调节作用

The Culture in Vitro of Beer Barely Spike and the Regulation on Seeds Per Spike by Nitrogen

利用啤酒大麦植株穗的离体培养 ,研究了旗叶的存在与否和不同氮素浓度对穗粒数的影响。结果表明 ,留旗叶存在比无旗叶或 1/ 2旗叶的穗粒数有所增加 ,而 1/ 2旗叶和无旗叶的穗粒数相同。在开花期和开花前 7天进行啤酒大麦离体穗培养 ,结果表明开花期培养在 0 5 %和 4%蔗糖浓度下 ,随氮素浓度上升而穗粒数增加 ,二者差异不显著。开花前 7天穗离体培养在 4%蔗糖浓度下随氮素浓度上升而穗粒数增加 ,在 0 0 0 4%氮素浓度下穗粒数为10 3粒 ,在 0 0 6 4%氮素浓度下穗粒数为 2 5粒 ,二者差异显著。说明氮素浓度对穗粒数影响与蔗糖浓度有一定关系。本实验进一步证明 ,开花前 7天培养在 0 5 %蔗糖浓度下 ,穗粒数随氮素浓度上升而下降 ,这说明啤酒大麦在开花前 7天这段时间对蔗糖浓度最敏感 。

In this paper,the effects of flag leaf and N concentration on seeds per spike in vitro was studied with spikes of plant cultured.The study showed:under flag leaf remaining whole,the seeds per spike was increased than that under flag leaf remaining 1/2 and none and the seeds per spike was sameness under flag leaf remaining 1/2 and none.The research analysised the effect on seeds per spike in flowering period at 0.5%～4% sucrose concentrations,7 days before flowering at 0.5% sucrose concentrations and at different N concentrations.The result shows:1)whenspikes in flowering period were cultured at sucrose concentration between 0.5% and 4%,seeds per spiko increased with the N concentration,but the difference between these was not evident.2)When spikes in 7 days flowering were cultured at 4% sucrose concentration per spike increased with the N concentration.Seeds per spike are 10.3 at 0.004% N concentration and 25 at 0.064% N concentrion.The difference between these was evident.The result illustrate that the effect of N concentration on seeds per spike has something to do with sucrose concentration.The resarch proved further that when spikes in 7 days besfore flowering cultured at 0.5% sucrose concentration,seeds per spike descended with the increase of N concentration.This shows barley is most sensitive to sucrose concentration in 7 days before flowering.So this period is the most sensitve too,which influences producing seeds.