酶联免疫吸附试验检测结核抗体实验条件的比较

Comparison of Optimal Conditions for Detection of Antibodies to Tubercle Bacillus by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）中，用三种不同的酶结合物检测的结果表明，肺结核病人血清中的纯蛋白衍化物（ＰＰＤ）特异性抗体水平明显高于正常对照（Ｐ＜０．００１），阳性率以酶联单克隆抗人ＩｇＧ（ＨＲＰ－ＭｃＡｂ）为高。微量全血法与血清法的测定结果基本一致（Ｐ＞０．２）。用自制的人型结核菌ＰＰＤ抗原和标准的比较，检测的结果非常接近（Ｐ＞０．２）。人型、牛型和鸟型ＰＰＤ具有明显的交叉反应。同一批血清两次测定的结果大致相同，但血清稀释度不同时，对检测的阳性率有一定影响。

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) for the detection of specific antibody ofpurified protein derivative(PPD)was performed using three different enzyme-conjugates andthe results showed that the antibody level in tuberculosis patients’sera was significantlyhigher than that in normal control(P<0.001),but the positive rate using horseradish per-oxidase labelled anti-human IgG monoclonal antibody(HRP-McAb) was higher as comparedwith two others. Comparison of the results using micro-whole-blood and sera showed therewas no significant difference(P>0.2).The laboratory-prepared PPD antigen of human typetubercle bacillus and standard PPD antigen had similar properties(P>0.2).Obvious crossreaction occured among human,bovine and fowl-type PPD. The results were reproduciblewith the same lot of sera,but different dilutions of serum can affect the pbsitive rate of theassay.