10种贵州特有植物狭限分布与扩大栽培的研究

Studies on Narrow Limited Distribution and Cultivation Expansion of 10 Endemic Species in Guizhou

报道 1 0种贵州特有植物狭限分布与扩大栽培的研究结果 :小黄花茶(Camellialuteoflora) ,美丽红山茶 (C .delicata)、冬青叶山茶 (C .ilicifolia)、狭叶瘤果茶 (C .neriifolia)、长柱红山茶 (C .longistyla)和贵州石笔木 (Tutcheriakweichowensis)的播种出苗率分别为 3 0 .5%、70 .0 %、50 .0 %、53 .0 %、 70 .0 %和49.0 % ,其成苗数与出苗数的比值分别是 51 .7%、89.7%、89.7%、83 .8%、87.5%、和 71 .0 % ,黄平槭 (Acerhuangpingense)、贵州槭 (A .guizhouensis)、雷公山槭(A .legongshanensis)和红脉槭 (A .rubronervium)的出苗率分别达 60 .3 %、65.2 %、72 .0 %和 61 .0 % ,其成苗数与出苗数的比值分别为 99.0 %、95.0 %、99.2 %和50 .1 % 这些特有植物彼此都是独立的物种起源 ,来源于古老的孑遗植物和生态变异进化 采用种子田间播种育苗、枝条扦插繁殖的方式进行种苗扩繁试验研究 ,并按植物系统发育类群分为 :1 .槭树属 4种 ,2 .山茶属 5种 ,3 .石笔木属 1种等 3个组别分别测定扩繁系数为 0 .93～ 1、0 .93～ 1和 1 ,苗木产出周期 2～ 3年 ,试验表明有针对性地解决其引种与扩大栽培的生态适应性和提高成活率和扩繁系数的技术难题 。

Reported the results of experiment and study on narrow limited distribution and cultivattion expansion of 10 endemic species. Their emergence rates ware 60.3%, 65.2%, 72.0%, 61.0%, 30.5%, 70.0%, 50.0%, 53.0%, 70.0% and 49.0%,respectively for Acer huangpingense, A.guizhouensis , A. legongshanensis, A. rubronervium, Camellia luteoflora, C. delicata, C. ilicifolia , C. neriifolia, C. longistyla , and Tutcheria kweichowensis. The rates for survival number and germination number were 99.0%, 95.0%, 99.2%, 50.1%, 51.7%, 89.7%, 89.7%, 83.8%, 87.5% and 71.0%,respectively for these 10 species. These species are all independent origin of species, and evolution from ancient ruins plant and ecologically suitable variants. Ex situ cultivation and expanded propagation had been conducted for 3 groups of Acer genus (4 species), Camellia genus (5 species) and Tutcheria genus (1 species). The results showed that their propagation coefficients were 0.93～1, 0.93～1and 1; their product period was 2～3years. The experiment results indicated that it is of great importance to solve the technical problems, namely, the ecological suitability of introduction and expanded cultivation, improvement of survival rate and coefficients of propagation.