《释名》互训例辨

Illustrative Analyses on the Mutual Definitions in Definition of Words

刘熙《释名》训诂中的“互训”具有不同于一般互训的特点 :第一 ,互为训释的两个词词性不一致 ;第二 ,互为训释的两个词中 ,同一个词作为被释词与训释词时意义不相同 ,它们实际上往往是同形异词或同词异义 ;第三 ,《释名》中的互训不是同义相训而是同源相训。因此 ,《释名》中这种貌似互训的现象 ,从严格的意义上说并不是互训。基于这种分析 ,建议把一般训诂中的互训称为义训类互训 ,而把《释名》中的上述“互训”

The mutual definition in Definition of Words(《释名》) written by Liu Xi(刘熙)in the Han Dynasty is different from the general mutual definition. The different features are as follows: first, the word classes of the two terms defining each other are different; secondly, of the two words definging each other, the meaning of the defining word is different from that of the word defined,they are actually homonyms or perfect homonyms; thirdly, the mutual definition in Definition of Words (《释名》) isn't mutual definition with words of the same meaning but with words of the same etymology. Therefore,the phenomena appearing to be mutual definition in that book is , strictly speaking, not mutual definition. In view of the above mentioned reasons,this thesis names the general mutual definition as meaning based mutual definition,and that in Definition of Words(《释名》) as pronunciation based mutual defomotion.