美国国际贸易法院的设置及其启示

A Comment on the Establishment of the International Trade Court of the United States and Its Implications

海关案件和外贸案件远比一般的经济行政案件复杂。美国于1890年设立总评估局,对海关和外贸行政行为进行裁决;于1909年设立海关上诉法院,审理就总评估局的裁决所提出的上诉;于1926年改总评估局为海关法院。1980年,美国国会又通过立法将海关法院改为国际贸易法院,并明确了该法院的地位和受案范围。研究美国国际贸易法院,既有助于中国企业维护自己的权益,也为建立中国的涉外经济审判机构提供了借鉴。

The lawsuits related to Customs and foreign trade are more complicated than other administrative suits.In1890,the Board of General Appraisers(BGA)was established in the States to handle the lawsuits against the administration of Customs and foreign trade.In1909,the Court of Customs Appeals was founded to deal with the appeals against the arbitration of BGA.In1926,BGA changed into the Customs Court and later became the International Trade Court(ITC)in1980.To study ITC will contribute to the protection of China's enterprises and provide useful references to China's judicial organs concerning foreign trade.