社会转型时期中西封建土地制度状况及影响比较

Compare the Condition and Influence of Chinese Land System to the Western Europe One in the Period from the Feudalism to the Capitalism

中国封建土地制度的形成是新兴地主阶级的自觉行为 ,它一开始就是一种较完善的两极制的地主土地私有制形式 ;西欧封建土地制度则是一种自发形成的比较原始的等级土地所有制。两者间的特征差异决定了 16世纪前后它们能否随社会转型而顺利完成自身的转型。占有权看似不稳定的中国封建土地所有制在社会转型时期没有完成自身的转变 ,倒是占有权长期处于凝固状态的西欧封建庄园土地制度顺应了社会的转型 。

It was a conscious action of the rising landlord class to form feudal land system in China, from beginning, it was a perfect landlord privately owned system with two poles. On the other hand, the feudal land system in Westen Europe was a spontaneous formed and original land estate system. Their difference decided they could transform from feudal style to the capital style or not around the 16th century. The holding power of Chinese feudal land ownership looked as if not stable, but it did not finish its transform. However, the feudal manor land system in Westen Europe that ownership looked as if very stable and had never changed for a long time finished its transform from feudal farming to capital agriculture, conformed to the society transform.