西部开发史的反思与“西南”、“西北”的战略选择

Introspection to History of the west-China Development and Strategic selection in the "Southwest" and "Northwest" China

中国西部开发历史上 ,在农林牧三业的选择的理论和实践中 ,存在“农业先进”的误区 ,从根本上看是不注重资源环境与产业的最优配置 ;在这种思想指导下 ,历史上西部屯田的经济效益并不高 ,且对生态的负面影响十分大 ;中国西部地区在历史上存在生态性贫困和结构性贫困 ,西北地区多为生态性贫困 ,西南民族地区多为结构性贫困 ,相比之下结构性贫困更容易改变 ,而西南民族地区的环境承载量更大 ,这为西南开发奠定了更好的条件。在西部开发的产业选择中要树立“适应”就是“先进”的观念 ;加大西部开发中对西南地区开发投入的力度 ,西北地区应在保护生态环境的条件下加大开发的力度 ,实行软开发 ;针对不同的贫困 。

The great majority theory and pratice on the selection of agriculture ?forestry and animal husbandry inistakes 'Agriculture advanced' For universal truth in history of the west China developmant. On the basis of such theory,ecotypic impoverished and structueal impoverished existed in west China. In history most of structueal impoverished existed in southwest china ,most of ecotypic impoverished existed in northwest china. In the light of such , we advanced a new theory which 'adaptation' is 'advancement' in china history .therefore we must adopt differerent measures in accordance with differerent impoverished.