“文革”后文学现代性话语的历史起源研究

A Study of Historical Sources of Literary Discourses of Modernity after"the Cultural Revolution

作为"文革"后文学现代性话语的历史起源之一，"伤痕"、"反思"小说中的"反封建"话语，在对20世纪初的启蒙主义话语进行历史性继承的基础上，具有了新的特点：一方面，其所批判的"封建伦理"和"国民劣根性"，往往具有现代性的制度依托与伦理支持；另一方面，却又往往将"文革"时期的"血统论"、"个人迷信"、"官僚主义"和"社会特权"等一些现代性症候，"误指"为"封建性遗存"进行错位性的批判，这便造成了它的历史讲述与现实书写，既有对真正属于封建性问题的自觉批判，却又遮蔽了复杂的现代性问题，限制了其历史反思的深度。

As one of historical sources of the literary dis courses of modernity after'the cultural revolution',the'anti-feudal'discour ses in the novels of'trauma',and'reflection'have,on the basis of inheriting historically the discourses of the enlightenment doctrine in the early days of t he 20th century,had new charateristics:on the one hand,their criticism of'feudal ethics'and'nationals  inherent weaknesses',tends to be dependent on the institution of modernity a nd supported by moral principles;on the other hand,their criticisms of symptoms of modernity such as'the theory of blood lineage','personal cult','bureaucr atism'and'social privileges'as'feudal left-overs'have had to be dislocated ones.Thus in hislorical accountings and realistic writings,there have been not only iniative criticims of true matters of feudality but also covering up of the complicated question of modernity,limiting the depth of reflecting on history. ［