略论康德对“幸福论”伦理学的批判

Talking about Kant′s Critique of Happiness Ethics

在西方近代伦理思想史上 ,康德对幸福论伦理学进行了系统的批判。认为私人幸福学说不仅不能说明道德的来源而且从根本上颠覆了道德。与幸福论伦理学相对应 ,他建构了博大的德性论伦理思想体系 ,讴歌道德的崇高价值 ,论述道德的一般形式特征和道德主体性 ,对伦理学发展作出了重要的理论贡献 ,在今天仍给人们以有益的启示 ,其在理论方法上的缺陷。

In the recent western history of ethic thoughts Kant critized the happiness ethics systematically. He thought that the private happiness theorry not only couldn′t interprete the origin of morality but turned morality over at all. He constructed a wide moral conduct ethic thought system against the happiness ethics, and eulogized the lofty value of morality. In the exposition of general formal feature and subject of morality, he made an important theoretical contribution for the devlopment of ethics up to now, it still gives us profitale lightenment, points out the defects and errors in it,and evokes us precation from the reverse side.