晚宋宫廷浪费与财政危机

Financial Crisis in the Late Song Dynasty and the Court Waste

晚宋 (公元 12 0 5 - 12 79年 )是指宋朝历史的晚期 ,财政呈现危机不断加深的趋势 ,这一点已被一些宋史研究者初步证明① ,但需要进一步揭示财政危机产生的具体原因。本文旨在指出 ,宫廷浪费的巨大支出是晚宋朝廷仅次于军费的财政开支 ,宫廷浪费的钱财的绝对数量虽然赶不上北宋末期 ,但在晚宋经济衰落、财政匮乏的形势下却显得异常惊人 ,其恶劣影响不亚于北宋之末。宫廷浪费严重是晚宋政治的极端腐朽以及权相乱政局面的必然产物 ,从这个意义上说 。

In late Song Dynasty (A.D.1205-1279),the state's financial crisis became more and more serious.Some scholars have studied and proved it.However,we should go further to reveal the reasons of the financial crisis in detail.This thesis points it out that the court waste was the huge expenditure of the state which were just less than the military cost .The figure of the court waste in this period didn't keep pace with that in the late Song Dynasty ,but its bad impression was not inferior to that then ,because of the economic recessions and financial crisis in that period. The court waste reflected centralizedly the most serious political decay ,in this sense,it was the rootcause of the financial crisis