语言联想与语言翻译

Language Association and Language Translation

语言的翻译主要是对语言因素和非语言因素的恰如其分的处理。语言因素，即语言内部各成分──词、短语、句子、段落、章节等，仅仅是翻译活动入门的向导，因为翻译必须凭借这些外壳──语言表层结构来进行思考。非语言因素──语言环境，即语言因素的前后或上下文的密切联系．字词之间的隐蔽关系、远近距离关系、渊源关系以及与其它作品的关系等语言深层结构，是翻译的理解与表达正确的重要前提。翻译时，将词的词典定义，即概念意义和对概念意义具有一种补充和延伸价值的内涵意义有机结合起来，表达出其所产生的特定的联想意义，即根据两种事物间外部表象（形似）或内部本质（神似）的类似上的复杂的心理过程表现出来，从而弄清其来龙去脉，准确地把握其具体的内涵，达到理解与表达的完善与和谐。

Language translation is mainly to deal with Language factors and non-language factors properly. The language factors include the inner parts of language-words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs ect., These are only the guide of entering the translating acitvity and should be taken as the surface structures for the consideration. The non-language factors-Language environment, indicates the close relations between or within the fac-tors, content, distance and resources with other works-deep structures of prerequisite to the correct understanding and expression of translation. In the translation, we should combine the extension and supplementary connotation of a word with its dictionary definition, form an associated atmo-sphere caused by a certain environment and express the special associated meaning of it. In another word, we should express the outer representation (form) between two things or the inner nature (spirit) or the complicated psychological process, find out the cause and effect, master accurately the concrete connotation and reach the perfectness and harmony of the understanding and expression.