中国脂松香二萜中性部分的组成

STUDY ON DITERPENE NEUTRAL COMPONENTS OF CHINESE GUM ROSIN

建立了一套快速、简便的松香中性物的定量分析方法,应用气质联用和气相色谱技术系统地研究了中国脂松香中性物的组成,确定了21个二萜中性组分的结构,其中主要成分为二萜醛和醇,且多为海松型。比较了湿地松、云南松、南亚松和不同地区马尾松松香的二萜中性成分。它们之间存在定性或明显的定量差异。如南亚松松香中不含海松醛、海松醇和海松二烯;湿地松松香中含有较多量的湿地松醇;又如云南松松香中,异海松醛和异海松醇的相对含量比在马尾松松香中要高得多。这些差异可为此四种松树的化学分类提供参考。马尾松松香二萜中性物及其中各组分的含量与地区分布之间存在密切关系。文中还讨论了高沸点中性物对松香性质的影响。

A rapid quantitative method for analysing diterpene neutral components of gum rosin has been established. The diterpene neutral components ot Chinese rosins were studied by GC-MS and GC.and 21 main neutral diterpenes were identified. Diterpene aldehydes and alcohols are the major components and the contents of pimaric type diterpenes are dominating. Diterpene neutral components of rosins from P. elliottii,P. yunnrarcrsis,P. latteri and P. massoniana were compared with each other and obvious qualitative or quantitative differences were found amongst them. It has been shown that no pimaral, pimarol and pimaradiene exist in rosin from P. latteri ,a large amount of elliotinol exists in rosin from P. elliottii and contents of isopimaral and isopimarol in rosin from P. yunnanensis are much higher than those in rosin from P. massoniana . These differences may be used as a reference in chemotaxonomy for pine species. The total amount of diterpene and contents of different components from P. massonana are closely related to locations where pine tree grows. Some influences of high boiling point diterpene fractions on the properties of rosin are discussed.