国人手鱼际和小鱼际肌构筑学研究

Study on architecture of the human thener and hypothenar muscles

目的 探讨手肌的构筑特征 ,为手肌的运动生理和外伤修复提供形态学资料。方法 用肌构筑法研究14侧人鱼际和小鱼际肌。结果 鱼际平均肌重 5 .85± 3 .4 4 g ,肌长 5 .2 1± 0 .71cm ,肌纤维长 2 .72± 0 .3 7cm ,肌生理横切面积 2 .2 1± 1.66cm2 ;小鱼际上述指数分别是 3 .0 9± 1.78g ,5 .61± 1.2 3cm ,2 .78± 0 .91cm ,1.18± 0 .5 4cm2 。结论 ①鱼际和小鱼际肌重小 ,纤维短 ,生理横切面积大 ,除拇短屈肌和拇收肌横头外 ,都为羽肌 ,倾向力量型构筑设计。②拇收肌肌重和生理横切面积为 10 .98g和 4 .68cm2 ,分别是鱼际其余 3块肌肌重和生理横切面积均数的2 .65和 3 .3 6倍 ;手对掌肌的生理横切面积总和达 3 .4cm2 ,是手短屈肌的 1.97倍 ,手对掌肌应比手短屈肌多产生近1倍的肌力。

Objective The architectural feature of the hand muscles were studie d in this paper. A morphologic data was provided for motor physiology and surgic al prosthesis design. Methods The thenar and hypothenar muscles were studied in seven (14 sides) adult cadavers. Results The average muscle ma ss, muscle lengt h,fiber length and physiologic cross sectional area(CSA) of the thenar muscles w as 5.85±3.44g,5.21±0.71cm,2.72±0.37cm and 2.21±1.66cm 2 separately.These in de x of the hypothenar muscles were 3.09±1.78g,5.61±1.23cm,2.78±0.91cm,1.18±0.5 4cm 2 respectively. Conclusions ①thenar and hypothenar muscle s were small and sh ort,but they have relatively high CSA, and they were all bipennate muscles exce pt flexor pollicis brevis and transverse head of adductor pollicis,implying a de sign towards high force production and low excursion. ②MW and CSA of the adduct or pollicis was separately 10.98g and 4.68cm 2,was 2.65 and 3.36 times the size o f mean of the others thenar. Sum of CSA of the opponens was about 3.4cm 2,It wa s 1.97 times 0f the flexor brevis,i.e,the opponens should have more force prodcti on nearly one times than the flexor brevis.