析史解难:《天问》错简整理史的反思

A Retrospection of Researching and Reordering QU Yuan's Tian Wen on the Mixed Bamboo Tablets

自清初屈复在《天问校正》中第一次提出错简说并动手作了某些整理后 ,至今已有二百六十多年。其间众多学者承屈复的观点对《天问》进行了整理。考察这段整理史 ,是一个加速的往复曲线运动 ,而存在三大根本问题 :(一 )几乎所有的整理都忽视了对《天问》书写形式的判断 ,而这恰恰是整理《天问》的首要条件 ;(二 )整理者只将错简看作一个孤立的现象而作孤立的研究 ,没有认识到它是整个屈骚研究中的一环 ,没有从研究史的角度全面统一地分析处理问题 ;(三 )忽视屈原创作《天问》的特定心理和方法 ,错误地以叙事文学的标准框求之。反思这段历史 ,结合全部楚辞整理史分析 ,可得出《天问》基本无错简的结论。至少 ,在当前条件不具备的情况下 ,无论你持何种观点都不能对《天问》进行具体整理 ,哪怕只整理一处 !

Mr. QU Fu, a distinguished scholar in the Qing Dynasty, first assumed that Tian Wen was recorded on some mixed bamboo tablets, and then a lot of scholars followed his footprints in their research. Therefore, the later generation could have a better understanding of the magic romantic poem written by QU Yuan 2000 years ago. However, the author argues that there are three defects in the Tian Wen Study: first, the ignorance of the writing form of Tian Wen; secondly; the failure to associate Tian Wen with QU Yuan's other poems; Thirdly, the neglect of the poet's writing skill and psychology. The author declares that there are no writing disorders in Tian Wen.