近代黄河三角洲海岸发育体系──黄河三角洲潮滩海岸时空谱系研究Ⅱ

Coastal Development System of the Modern Huanghe River DeltaⅡ──Research on the Space-Time Lineage of the Coastal Tidal-Flat of the Huanghe River Delta

黄河三角洲为大含沙输沙之尾闾地上分流河道频繁决口摆动而形成的迅速淤进型洲体。近代黄河 三角洲自陆向海由三角洲上部冲积平原、中部冲积海积平原和下部潮间带平原三大环境带组成各环境带-, 都有自身地貌组合体系。黄河三角洲与世界各大河三角洲比较其总体应处在三角洲三元谱系的河控域但, ,各不同时期形成的二级叶瓣的海岸确兼具谱系中的三元域。各时期行水河口滩型海岸处在三元谱系的河控端域;具有宽大的相带分明并发育着密集潮水沟的岸段占该三角洲海岸的大部分则处于三元谱系中潮 ( ) 控端域还有少部分岸段如三角洲东北角号桩西北岸段地处渤海南部; , ( 5 ) M2分潮无潮点正迎区域强风 浪部位为三元谱系中浪控端域。其他岸段为过渡型。黄河三角洲河潮波三元控域各有其特色同时它们, , 又是尾闾河道摆动出口将其时空串联起来展现出相当丰富而具有特色的三角洲海岸发育的时空谱系。,

The Huanghe River delta is a rapidly silting type delta body resulted from frequent breaching and swing of the major silt-carrying and sediment transport distributing channel on the terminal land. The modern Huanghe River delta is composed from land to sea of the three main environmental zones of the alluvial plain in the upper part of the delta, the alluvial-marine-built plain in the middle part and the tidal zone in the lower part , each of which has its own morphologic assemblage system. Compared with other major river deltas in the world, the Huanghe River Delta, as a whole, should be located in the river-controlling domain of the delta ternary lineage. But the secondary lobe coasts formed in different periods do have the ternary domain in the lineage concurrently. The travelling-water estuarine flat type coasts in different periods are in the river-controlling terminal domain of the ternary lineage while the coastal sections ( accouating for the major part of this delta coast ) with the broad, distinct phase spread and the intensive tidal creeks developed are located in the tide-controlling terminal domain of the ternary lineage. There are still a small part of coastal sections, e.g. the northeastern corner of the delta ( the northwestern section of the pile No.5 ) situated in the area directly facing the amphidromic point of the M2 constituent in the southern Bohai Sea, which is a rough sea site, are in the wave-controlling terminal domain. The rest coastal sections are transitional type ones. Each of the river-tide-wave ternary control domains of the Huanghe River delta has its own characteristics, and, in the meantime, they are linked up in space and time by the oscillatory outlets of the terminal channel, thus presenting a very rich and characteristic space-time lineage with developed delta coasts.