人体热量平衡模型及其在人体舒适度预报中的应用

HUMAN BODY HEAT BALANCE MODEL WITH ITS APPLICATION IN COMFORT INDEX FORECAST

人对外界冷热的调节和舒适感 ,不能根据气温或其他单一的气象要素来评价。要真正全面表述环境对人体的影响必须运用人体热量平衡模型 ,人体热量平衡模型全面考虑了所有相关的气象要素、行为参数 (活动和服装 )和人体参数。运用上海有限域数值天气预报和热量平衡模型计算了体感温度 ,以衡量人体在环境中的热舒适状况。

The influence of climate on human body is a synthetic action of many meteorological elements. As usual, air temperature is used to be an index to indicate the warm and cool of environment, but the thermal regulation and thermal comfort of human body can not be assessed only by air temperature or other single meteorological element. The only way to describe the effects of the thermal environment on human body completely is to do by means of a heat balance model. In such model all relevant meteorological parameters, behavioral characteristics (activity and clothing) and body measurements can be considered.By the use of numerical weather forecast results and the model MEMI,the problems of heat balance and ways of solving them are described, and an new thermal indexthe physiological equivalent temperature of human body has been calculated to assess the thermal comfort.