云南哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤温度的分布特征

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL TEMPERATURES IN MID MOUNTAIN HUMID EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FOREST IN THE AILAO MOUNTAIN,YUNNAN PROVINCE

森林内的土壤温度是森林气候重要的环境因素之一,它的变化不仅受太阳辐射的支配,而且还受林冠阻截再分配的影响,使得林内外地温的差异远较气温大。另外,土壤温度与植物的生长密切相关,林内地温对植物生长有直接关系,特别是地温对植物的蒸腾,根的呼吸和吸收以及促进土壤微生物的活动,加速凋落物的分解,提高土壤肥力等,均有重要作用。

Soil temperature in or outside the humid evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Ailao Mountain of Yunnan Province were analysed comparitively in this paper. It was found that at the 0—80cm depth the average soil temperature, the daily and the annual ranges of the temperature were lower in the forest than that outside of the forest. It was particularly clear that at the surface layer, the effects of forest on decreasing the extreme maximum temperature and increasing the extreme minimum temperature were prominently. It was also shown that there were very close relationships between forest soil temperature (D) and air temperatures both in (T_1) and outside (T_2) of forest, and summarized into linear regression equations, in which correlation coefficionts were significant at the 0.01 or less level.