山茶属植物种质资源的搜集及基因库的建立利用研究

The Establishments and Benefits of the Gene Pools for the Germ Plasm Resources of Camellia

采用普通油茶大砧嫁接快速繁殖建成4个基因库,现已搜集保存种质资源2 267个号,其中山茶物种、变种161个,山茶花品种340多个,油茶农家品种、优株,无性系等1 605个。将不同纬度、海拔高度和生态条件下的物种、品种集中在同一地进行研究,提高了种质对环境的适应性和抗性,发挥了基因库的多种作用和效益。

The methods for the establishment of the gene pools for the germ plasm resources of Camellia L. and the scientific and economic values shown by the pools were presented. Four gene pools have been established by rapid propagations of grafting on large stocks of C. oleifera. The germ plasm resources collected and preserved have reached 2 267 in quantity, including 161 species, more than 340 varieties of Camellias which are cultivated as ornamental plants, and 1605 farm-varieties, elit trees and clones of oil-tea camellias. Put the species and varieties from different latitudes, elevations and ecological conditions at the same place and conduct some research. In this way, it increased the adaptability and resistance of the germ plasms to the environments,and brought the pools roles into full play.