马尾松开花结实规律的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Flowering and Fruitfulness in Pinus massoniana

马尾松开花结实习性及球果丰歉规律,是良种生产的主要研究内容之一。例如幼林期初始开花结果年龄、雌雄球花的比例;成林期的结实数量、年度之间的差异以及球果在树冠层的分布情况;立地条件对林木开花结实的影响等问题,无论是实生种子园还是无性系种子园甚或采种母树林,都应当有所了解,掌握规律以指导园地管理与种子采收。探明这些问题不仅对于良种生产,同时在杂交育种等科研工作方面也是必不可少的。为此,我们对实生马尾松开花结实规律进行了初步研究,现总结如后。

It was found that juvenile trees of Masson Pine would be flowering at age of 2 and might greatly fruit at age 6. 87.3 % of mature trees had cones, and 12.7 % had not. Because of year variation in cone production, there appeared bumper harvest year and lean year alternately. Based on the observation of the distribution of cone production within crown, we found that the differences existed were relative to tree truck, cardinal directions and ages of branches. Site condition was one of the main factors affecting the fruitfulness. The fruitfulness law revealed in the paper would provided biological basis for management of seed orchard and seed-tree stand of Masson Pine.