白枕鹤的分布和迁徙

The Distribution and Migration of White-naped Crane

白枕鹤(Grus vipio)是濒危鹤种之一,国家一级保护动物。白枕鹤分布于六国,在苏联、蒙古、中国繁殖,在中国、北朝鲜、南朝鲜、日本越冬。本文对白枕鹤在中国的分布范围有新的补充。通过对日本山阶鸟类研究所环志的白枕鹤“J17”的观察证明,在1984～1987年春季均从日本迁徙到中国黑龙江扎龙自然保护区沼泽湿地繁殖。1987年6月18日,中日环志合作调查组捕捉环志了“J17”的幼雏,环志号Q00-0663,红彩环“61”。10月7日“J17”的家族南迁,于12月3日到达日本出水鹤类越冬地,环志回收说明白枕鹤迁徙于中国繁殖地和日本越冬地,是确凿无疑。

The white-naped crane is an endangering species in the world. It's a kind of first-grade protected animal in China. It's distributed in six countries: breeding in U. S. S. R., Mongolia and China, overwintering in North Korea, South Korea, Japan and China. In China, its breeding places are in the lower reaches of the Wuyur River and Sanjiang Pingyuan in Heilongjiang Province, Tonyuu, Zhenliai in Jilin Province. In winter, it migrates to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and Taiwan Provinces. In Jun. 25, 1984, a crane marked 'J17' was banded by the bander of Yamashina institute for ornithology, which migrated between China and Japan to breed in the spring of 1984~1986 in Zhalong through the banding observation and recovery. In Jun. 18, 1987, a baby of 'J17' (banding number-Q00-0663, Red '61') was banded by the Sino-Japanese Cooperation. In Dec. 3, 1987, the 'J17' family migrated to the overwintering place of Izumi in Japan. The White-naped crane's migration between the breeding place in China and overwintering place in Japan was recognized undoubtedly.