异丙酚与氯胺酮联合应用的实验研究

Experimental study on the interaction between propofol and ketamine

目的 研究异丙酚 (propofol,P)和氯胺酮 (ketamine ,K)的相互作用。方法 观察P对K引起的小鼠入睡率及睡眠时间的影响 ;研究P对K镇痛效应的影响 ;以序贯法研究不同剂量的P对小鼠静脉注射K的半数致死量 (LD50 )的影响 ,并探讨P对清醒家兔静注K的呼吸循环效应的影响。结果 P可增大K引起的小鼠入睡率(P <0 .0 1) ;延长小鼠睡眠时间 (P <0 .0 1) ,且呈剂量依赖关系 ;3种测痛方法均显示P增强K的镇痛作用 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;P可拮抗兔静注K所致的血压升高和心率增快效应 (P <0 .0 1) ,而加重K的呼吸抑制作用 (P <0 .0 1) ;在所用剂量范围内P对小鼠静注K的LD50 无明显影响。结论 P可增强K的催眠和镇痛作用 ,拮抗K的循环兴奋作用 ,而不减小K的LD50 ,提示二者合用于临床静脉复合全麻是合理的 。

Objective To investigate the interactions between propofol (P) and ketamine (K) in conscious animals. Methods Experiments on mice were performed to study the influences of P on the incidence and duration of K-induced loss of righting reflex, the analgesic action of K, and the LD 50 of intravenous K. The influence of P on the circulatory and respiratory effects of K was studied in rabbits. Results The incidence and duration of K-induced sleep were increased by P in dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). The analgesic action of K measured by three methods was all potentiated by P (P<0.05). The LD 50 of intravenous K in mice was not altered by the given dose of P. Experiments on rabbits showed P antagonized the hypertension and tachycardia but enhanced the respiratory inhibition induced by K (P<0.01). Conclusion P increases the hypnotic and analgesic actions of K, antagonizes its circulatory effects, but does not decrease its LD 50 . The results show that it is rational to use the combination of P and K for clinical intravenous anesthesia, but its respiratory inhibition should be noted.