常见病原菌的感染分布特点与抗生素敏感性变化的调查

Investigation of Infective Distributive Characteristics and Variation of Antibiotic Senstivity of Common Pathogen

目的 :为了了解临床常见菌感染的分布特点和掌握抗生素的敏感性变化 ,为临床提高感染性疾病的治愈率提供依据。方法 :细菌的分离采用常规方法 ;细菌的鉴定和药敏采用进口仪器法。结果 :5 794份标本共检出 1935株细菌 ,检出率为 33%。大肠艾希氏菌、铜绿色假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌是近年来临床感染的主要病原菌。细菌对抗生素的敏感性 :阴性杆菌中磺胺类 (复方新诺明 )为 33 % ;青霉素类平均为42 % ;头孢菌素类平均为 46 % ;氨基糖苷类平均为 5 3 % ;喹诺酮类平均为 6 1% ;其它内酰胺类为 6 9%。葡萄球菌中大环内酯类为 2 8% ;头孢菌素类平均为 42 % ;其它内酰胺类为 48% ;喹诺酮类平均为 5 0 % ;青霉素类平均为 5 1% ;氨基糖苷类平均为 5 3% ;其它类为 5 7%。结论 :细菌分布广 ,检出种类多 (10 4种 ) ,耐药性严重。

Objective: In order to understand the distributive characteristics and master the variation of antibiotic sensitivity of common pathogen and provide the basis for the increasing of cure rate of infective diseases in clinic. Methods: Bacteria were isolated using routine method. Identification of drug sensitivity of bacteria were taken using imported instruments. Results: 1 935 strains were isolated from 5 794 samples, the detectable rate was 33%. The main pathogen, main causes of clinical infections recently, included escherichia coli, bacillus pyocyaneus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and bacillus pneumoniae. Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria: in G-. Bacillus, the average rate of sulfonamide (sinomin Co.) was 33%, penicilin 42%, cephalosporin 46%, aminoglycolide 53%, quinolone 61% and other beta-lactam 69%. In staphylococcus, macrolide average rate was 28%, cephalosporin 42%, other beta-lactam 48%, quinolone 50%, penicilin 51%, aminoglycolide 53% and others 57%. Conclusion: The results showed that bacteria distributed widely, isolated species were so many and the drug resistance were very serious.