论孔子德治思想的方法论视角及现实意义

Confucian Idea of Rule by Virtue: Its Methodological Perspective and Practical Significance

孔子德治思想的方法论从社会个体修养入手 ,着眼于社会的稳定与和谐 ,强调道德的作用 ,突出人文教育。它与西方人文学说的解决社会问题的方法论是互补的关系 ,而不是互换的关系。对孔子德治思想的批判继承要从三个层面进行 :对孔子所主张的道德内容加以创新 ,建立与社会主义市场经济相适应的道德体系 ;对孔子所夸大的道德作用加以限定 ,使法律规范与道德规范相互促进 ,经济建设与道德建设协调发展 ;对孔子所倡导的道德修养方法加以借鉴 。

The methodology of Confucian idea of rule by virtue starts with individual cultivation, focuses on the stability and harmony of the society, lays stress on moral effect and gives prominence to humanistic education. Instead of replacing the Western humanistic methodology to solve social problems, it plays a role of mutual complement with the latter. The critical inheritance of Confucian idea of rule by virtue should be conducted in three aspects. The contents of morality advocated by Confucius must be reviewed and innovated so as to build a moral system compatible to the socialist economy. The moral effect which Confucius laid too much stress on should be redefined so that legal standards and moral standards can promote each other and economic construction can develop side by side with moral construction. The ways advocated by Confucius to cultivate oneself should be studied and referred to so as to carry forward the Chinese tradition of emphasizing on self cultivation.