青年恩格斯宗教思想的变化——从《乌培河谷来信》到《谢林和启示》

The Young Engels′ Changes in Religious Thinking

青年恩格斯宗教思想的变化首先是在德国北部的商港——不来梅开始。在这里 ,恩格斯经历了由宗教信仰者—对宗教虔诚主义批判者—无神论者的转变过程。 1 841年恩格斯来到柏林 ,成为黑格尔哲学的拥护者。在《谢林和启示》等文章中 ,恩格斯站在无神论立场上对宗教和封建主义的斗争 ,表明了他无神论思想的形成和革命民主主义立场的确立。促使这一转变的有两个决定性的环节 ,一是费尔巴哈的《基督教的本质》一书的出版 。

Young Engels′ thinking on religion began to change at Bremen, a commercial port in the north of Germany, where he experienced the changing process from a religionist to a critic against the piousness and then to an atheist during the profound reviewing of the reality. Engles went to Berlin in 1841, and became an adherent of Hegel's philosophy. He stood at the position of atheism fighting against religion and feudalism in a series of articles such as Schelling and Enlightenment, which suggested the formation of his atheism thought and the transformation from the position of revolutionary democrat. There were two decisive links, which promoted this transformation. First is the publish of Feuerbach's book the Essence of the Christian; Second is his arriving in Manchester of Britain and walking into the deep lives of English society.